IPrimary headaches are not symptoms of another medical condition. Common types include:

Tension Headaches: These are the most prevalent type of primary headaches. It presents as a constant ache or pressure around the head, especially at the temples or back of the head and neck. Tension headaches do not usually cause nausea or vomiting.

Migraines: These are characterised by a pulsating, throbbing pain on one side of the head, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. They can last for hours to days and can affect daily activities.

Cluster Headaches: These are marked by severe, piercing pain around one eye or on one side of the face. These headaches occur in groups, or “clusters,” and each headache can last from 15 minutes to three hours.

The specific causes of tension headaches and migraines are not known. They may be caused by overactivity or problems with pain-sensitive structures in the head, with triggers including:

• Genetic factors: Migraines can be hereditary.

• Stress: This is commonly associated with tension headaches.

• Environmental Triggers: Such as lights, sounds, and strong smells.

• Lifestyle Factors: Including poor posture, lack of sleep, skipped meals, or alcohol use.

Cluster headaches may be caused by abnormalities in the hypothalamus or the sudden release of the chemical histamine.